Archive for the ‘Sri Lanka’ Category

Next Steps in Sri Lanka

Monday, May 18th, 2009

A quick update: according to both Sri Lankan government sources and Tamilnet, the LTTE (also known as the “Tamil Tigers”) have been militarily defeated. Vellupalai Prabhakaran, the leader of the Tigers, has been killed, along with all senior LTTE leaders. The government reports that all Tamil civilians formerly used as human shields by the Tigers are under its control (although TamilNet reports many civilians still hiding in bunkers).

For an in-depth analysis, please see the excellent article by my friend Dr. Jehan Perera of the National Peace Council of Sri Lanka: http://www.peace-srilanka.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=132:first-steps-to-be-considered-in-post-war-phase&catid=1:latest&Itemid=121.

I want to take a second to acknowledge Jehan for his courageous and consistent voice for peace in the face of the drumbeats of war and violence. Right now in Sri Lanka, people who speak out against the violence have been beaten and killed. (The infamous “white van gangs”, mobile death squads that no one can seem to find, will stop at home or office, beat or kill journalists or other public figures, then speed off.  There’s never been an arrest.)

It takes a clear sense of mission and a lot of personal integrity to be a voice for peace and nonviolence. In these times, silence can be construed as complicity. It takes real guts to say not just what is popular or what is politically expedient – to say what is TRUE.

As I think about Jehan, my thoughts go to another Harvard-trained lawyer, this one from Chicago. I think about the Chicago lawyer speaking out for peace at a time when the drumbeats of the Iraqi War drowned out all reason in America. Once Americans woke up from our orgy of violence, once we saw the true costs of the war (in dollars, blood and spirit), we turned to him and made him our President.

So Jehan, keep speaking out. Stay as safe as possible. “Temple Trees” (the Sri Lankan Presidential residence) awaits. [For more on Jehan’s work and writings, click here: http://peace-srilanka.org/]

Reactions and Predictions:

I shed no tears for the passing of the LTTE or its leader, Prabhakaran. The goal of the organization was always unrealistic and its methods always brutally violent. I am not sorry to see them go.

I do lament the orgy of violence, and the bloodlust that still grips the island. With upwards of 20,000 of their fellow-citizens killed or maimed in the recent fighting, with their country and their economy in tatters, I believe the celebrations in the capital city of Colombo are ill-advised and will be short-lived. The costs of this war will be more than the country can bear.

As bad as things are, I believe the situation is poised to get MUCH worse. Is it possible for a “failed state” to get “FAILED-ER”? War crimes, summary executions, extensive use of prison/ concentration camps and the possibility of ethnic cleansing are distinct possibilities.

So, what happens next? It’s anyone’s guess, but here are a few benchmarks or milestones you should pay attention to in the near future:

The next 3-6 days:

  • Are international observers granted access to all former battle areas?
  • Are international observers and international/ independent media granted access to all refugees?

(If not: expect a massive cover-up of war crimes, summary execution of suspected LTTE cadres and sympathizers, and bulldozing the “safe zone” battlefield to conceal the extent of non-combatant deaths.)

The next 3-6 weeks:

  • Are the refugee camps opened and unlocked? Are people residing in the camps only because they WANT to be there, not because they are FORCED to be there? (Of course, it is reasonable to restrict people from returning to areas that have not been cleared of landmines or have other health and safety hazards.)
  • Are detention camps for LTTE combatants open to Red Cross inspection?
  • Are the Sri Lankan people given full information on how much the war actually costs, in human lives and in financial expense? (The government stopped publishing casualty figures months ago, similar to the Bush Administration not allowing photos of flag-draped caskets returning from Iraq.)
  • Has the government initiated and opened a national dialog on the long-term solution of the underlying ethnic issues that gave rise to the LTTE? Have all parties and constituencies been invited to participate?

(If not: expect summary execution of LTTE combatants and ethnic cleansing.)

The next 3-6 months:

  • Is insurgent violence receding (or eliminated)?
  • Is there a reduction and removal of the police state security apparatus (fewer checkpoints, less population screening, fewer “high security zones” in the North and East)?

(If yes: this would be the first indication that the violence of President Rajapakse’s military offense against LTTE is yielding a non-violent result.)

Next year:

  • Is there a rise in post-traumatic stress related factors (the already astronomical suicide rate goes higher; alcohol and drug use up, domestic violence on the rise)?
  • Is there more violence on the island than in 2003 (the first full year of the Ceasefire Agreement)?
  • Is there a rise in communal violence?

(If not: Sri Lankans can then legitimately celebrate the victory of May, 2009.)

Three years:

  • Is there a meaningful devolution of power that protects the rights of ALL Sri Lankans, including Tamil and Muslim minorities?
  • Has Sri Lanka moved off of the list of “failed states”?

Stay tuned. The first benchmarks are less than a week away.

Peace,

Sharif

Tags: , , , , , , ,
Posted in General, Sri Lanka | 4 Comments »

THE DESTRUCTION OF BUDDHISM

Wednesday, April 29th, 2009

I had gotten pretty immune to the never ending stream of “patriotic” billboards and posters along Galle Road, Sri Lanka’s Main Street. Soldiers in jungle gear, faces smeared with war paint, huge assault guns held in ready position, with lots and lots of bullets draped on them – the jewelry of death.

Because I turn off the propaganda of war (in whatever country I’m in), I almost missed this poster: a little larger than usual, and with more implements of violence (jet fighters, helicopters…). But, the thing that got my attention was its position: right in front of a huge statue of the Buddha.

My first reaction was: “I didn’t see that.” Maybe my mind conjoined two very separate images — after all, most of Galle Road is a blur to me, after traveling this main traffic artery for over a dozen years.

A few days later, I drove back by. This time, I asked my driver to stop. And I took some photos. And a movie clip, in case someone accuses me of Photoshopping (a verb, akin to plagiarizing).

Buddha and War Poster

Buddha and War Poster

The war poster caption reads: "Now we have a country for our selves, There is now a tomorrow for you, son." "We salute you!"

The war poster caption reads: "Now we have a country for our selves, There is now a tomorrow for you, son." "We salute you!"

I am not a Buddhist scholar. I haven’t formally studied the religion. But, from the little that I know, I believe the Buddha would unequivocally condemn the violence being done in his name in Sri Lanka. If that statue could move, it would get up and tear down the poster that glorifies and revels in violence. If that statue could cry, it would.

All around the world, I see people all too willing to hijack and subvert their most precious spiritual beliefs, to satisfy their lust for blood and their lust for power.

This isn’t about a minor deviation from a minor aspect of a hard to understand religious dogma. It is a major violation of one of the core tenets of one of the world’s most important faiths.

But that’s not the bad part: what turns my stomach is the near-silence met by this travesty.

The Life Of Buddhism

For most of us in the world, when we think about the term “Buddhism” we picture the smiling face of the Dalai Lama. Indeed, for many of us, his stance of nonviolence in the face of Chinese aggression is the epitome of what Buddhism looks like, as practiced. The Chinese aggression made the Dalai Lama a world-class figure, and Tibetan Buddhism known throughout the world.

The Dalai Lama: The Face of Buddhist Practice

The Dalai Lama: The Face of Buddhist Practice

The Dalai Lama ACTS like being “Buddhist” is more important than being “Tibetan”.

The Death of Buddhism

When I ask you to think about the term “Buddhism” you probably DON’T think about Sri Lankan Buddhism.

Recently, I was in the Midwest, doing a presentation on Sri Lanka before an audience of a few dozen people. To exemplify the Sri Lanka military, I downloaded a few photos of the proud Sri Lankan soldiers in their snappy uniforms, marching. One woman raised her hand and asked, “I thought Sri Lanka was a Buddhist country. Where are the Buddhists?”

To answer, I blew up the picture of the Sri Lanka soldiers, focusing on the hand of the soldier in the foreground. Around his wrist was a telltale white band. I told her, “These soldiers ARE the Buddhists. This band is the cord each one of them received when he went to the Buddhist temple to get the blessings from the monks, before marching off to kill human beings.”

Sri Lankan Soldiers

Sri Lankan Soldiers

The Seal of Approval

The Seal of Approval

The woman burst into tears. “I thought Buddhism was DIFFERENT!” she said between her tears. “I thought Buddhists actually PRACTICED what they talked about!”

A rude awakening.

Just like Christianity, Islam and everything else, Buddhists are just as likely to fall prey to powerful men who want to re-write the rules to suit their own agenda. Because the Buddha’s message: “Do no harm to any sentient being” is so clear, it makes the re-write so ludicrous and the attempts at manipulation so blatant and repellent.

But, if the re-write of “DO NO HARM” into “KILL OUR ENEMIES” is so obviously WRONG, what causes millions of otherwise sane and devout Sinhalese to buy into this, to revel in war and violence? More importantly, what causes them to go along with this attempt to conflate their ethnic identity with the OPPOSITE of their religion?

The Burning Buddha

One of the most durable terror symbols in the modern world is the “Burning Cross” of America’s Ku Klux Klan. In their heyday, the symbol of the Burning Cross struck fear among millions of America’s black citizens. It stood for the widespread practice of lynching, torture and intimidation — violence done openly and with impunity. Terrorism, pure and simple. Terrorism in the name of Jesus.

The KKK: America’s Home Grown Terrorists

The KKK: America’s Home Grown Terrorists

In the light of this cultural terrorism, it’s hard to remember that the Cross represents the doctrine of Jesus, a doctrine of love, nonviolence, inclusivity, and acceptance. Jesus said that there were only two laws: (1) Obey God, and (2) Love your neighbor as yourself. (He actually went further and declared that we should LOVE OUR ENEMIES. I think Jesus and the Buddha would have really gotten along well with each other!)

Into this philosophy of love, nonviolence and inclusivity, the KKK added a superseding Commandment: “Hate and kill those who look, act or think DIFFERENT from you.” In the doctrine of Jesus (as re-written by the KKK), white skin was more important than any other consideration, including ANYTHING Jesus said to the contrary.

Fast forward 100 years. Take this doctrine of cultural arrogance to a different continent and a different culture. Have it based not on the color of skin (everybody in Sri Lanka is some shade of brown) but on language and cultural behaviors.

The Recipe for Cultural Arrogance:

1. Start with an unhealthy inferiority complex. (In the case of BOTH Sinhalese and Tamils in Sri Lanka, I believe the inferiority comes from centuries of colonization.) ANYTIME you see a resort to violence (a man punching his wife, or one country punching another), inferiority lies somewhere in the mix.

2. Add anger and a misplaced need for revenge (or, the need to “prove” oneself).

3. Place your CULTURE above your RELIGION. (Better still: confuse and conflate the two.)

4. If available: add a legitimate goal. The desire to live free from terrorism and the threat of violence is a legitimate goal. BUT, this goal can be attained NONVIOLENTLY. Indeed, it is the ONLY way it can be attained. Don’t believe me? Ask the Buddha.

Cultural arrogance lies at the intersection of bad nationalism and bad religion.

Bad Nationalism

Now, nationalism or ethnic identity is not by itself a bad thing. I am very proud of my culture and my history and heritage as an African-American. And, I know many other Americans are proud of their ethnicities also. But, the key point is this: I don’t need to put anyone else down in order for me to feel good about myself. The need to be “better-than” another person (on the grounds of culture, religion, gender or anything else) is the hallmark of a serious INFERIORITY COMPLEX. Secure people are not arrogant. Arrogant people are not secure.

The mixture of a feeling of inadequacy, coupled with the external need to be “better-than” some other group, is the recipe for what I call “bad nationalism”. By “bad nationalism”, I mean a “national” identity that hyper-inflates the stature of one group within a nation, at the expense of all others.

Remember: the people that Adolph Hitler and his Nazis put into concentration camps and exterminated – the blacks, the Jews, the Gypsies, the homosexuals – were ALL GERMAN CITIZENS. Under the Fascists, true “nationalism” – the German nation – was not important. A false notion of “racial purity” – the Aryan ideal – took its place. Bad nationalism.

The Sri Lanka “nation” consists of THREE major ethnic groups, not ONE (Sinhalese, Tamil and Muslim). The Sri Lanka “nation” consists of FOUR major religions, not ONE (Buddhist, Hindu, Muslim and Christian). The Sri Lanka “nation” speaks THREE languages, not ONE (Sinhala, Tamil and English).

As any American can tell you, practicing inclusivity and political and cultural pluralism is not easy. In our relatively short history, America has gotten it wrong more often than right. But, since the Sixties, we have been firmly committed to the path of inclusivity. And our entire country has benefited from our adherence to the goal of “E Pluribus Unum” (“Out of Many, One.”) Even those who fight against the concept of inclusivity are its beneficiaries.

Forging one nation in Sri Lanka will be messy. It always is. It will involve compromise and sacrifice. No one will get everything that they want. But, in the end, all Sri Lankans will be better for it. And Buddhism will thrive on the island, without the need for protectionist laws against religious conversion.

Bad Religion

Religion can be a beautiful thing. I have had the privilege and the honor to participate in spiritual ceremonies from virtually every major wisdom tradition on Earth – from Eastern Orthodox Christian ceremonies in the far North to Maori ceremonies in the far South. And everything in between – including Buddhist, Hindu and Muslim ceremonies in Sri Lanka.

The thing that makes a religion beautiful, the thing that creates MEANING within the religion, is that the ceremonies each REPRESENT something. The actions and rituals represent something in this world and also represent something in the Transcendent realm. The wisdom teachers (of all faiths) left us a set of moral principles to guide our lives and our societies.

However: when you take the meaning out of the religion, when you scrub away the moral principles, then you are left with a handful of rituals that have no MEANING attached to them. This is what I call “bad religion”. Bad religion is full of rituals but devoid of meaning. It’s like a hungry man sitting down to a dinner of plastic food. He can put it in his mouth, chew and swallow, but he’s still empty. Your Spirit cannot be fed by a religion that is almost exactly OPPOSITE to the principles taught by the Buddha.

The philosophy of the Buddha has been feeding the world for over 2,500 years. The culturally arrogant “anti-Buddha” philosophy has been spiritually starving Sri Lanka for awhile – long enough for Sri Lanka to have one of the world’s highest suicide rates AND one of the world’s highest alcoholism rates. This is what happens from spiritual stomachs full of plastic.

Those with the guns, planes, cluster bombs and “patriotic” billboards say that they act to “preserve Buddhism”. (This argument has the same reasoning – and the same lack of morality – as the Christian “just war” doctrine.) What those gripped by cultural arrogance and the blood-lust cannot understand is this: NOTHING CAN DESTROY BUDDHISM, EXCEPT THOSE WHO BELIEVE IT CAN BE PRESERVED BY VIOLATING ITS PRINCIPLES.

The Way of the Buddha is the way of loving-kindness, compassion and nonviolence. In its essence, it is the exact opposite of what the current Sri Lankan government is practicing in the Vanni right now. You can either be a peace-loving Buddhist, or you can be a war-loving chauvinist, BUT YOU CAN’T BE BOTH.

Or, maybe you can. Maybe, in this crazy, upside-down world, the Buddha of the 21st Century condones, supports and blesses the guys with the biggest guns, the guys who wage the best battles. Instead of sitting in meditation, maybe this new Buddha will be seen carrying an assault rifle – and a bottle of Arrack (why not? If you violate one principle, why not violate them all?)

THERE IS HOPE

The “good Sinhalese” are out there. The people who are offended by the war posters are in hiding on the island. While writing this article, I received an email from a Sinhalese friend:

I am happy you are away from this blood bath and craziness. Most of us are trapped in this hell. I feel shame to be a so called Sinhalese and live in this world. But, a little bit of remaining Faith and Hope helps me to bear this heavy burden of shame.

Even in the midst of this insanity, I still have hope. This is not just a stubborn refusal to face facts. This is my way of looking at facts through a long lens. The one thing that the past 100 years of organized evil has taught us is this – BLOOD-LUST ONLY WORKS IN THE SHORT TERM. People eventually come to their senses. In my country, it took us 8 years to wake up from our most recent trance, to retrieve our democracy and our Spirit from the hands of those who wanted to rule the world and were willing to trample underfoot both our Constitution and the lessons of Jesus to achieve their goal. It took about that long for the “good Germans” to realize the horrors that the Nazi government was perpetuating in their name.

Right now, it is very dangerous for people in Sri Lanka to stand up and speak out. The blood-lust is high. The war drums beat. Political disappearances are at an all-time high. In Sri Lanka, dissent is dangerous.

But, people will eventually wake up. Even as the statues of the Buddha are desecrated with the images of war, it is important for us to remember that a statue is a statue… the place the true Buddha resides is in our hearts. And that’s the place we need to keep clean and clear, as we wait for the blood-lust to spend itself.


May all beings be well.

May all beings be secure.

May all beings be happy.

Peace,

Sharif Abdullah

Tags: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
Posted in General, Sri Lanka | 2 Comments »

REPORT FROM THE FIELD – SRI LANKA

Thursday, March 26th, 2009

[This is my first report from this visit to Sri Lanka. The situation over here has become very dangerous – people are being attacked and killed for speaking out. Because of what is in this report, I want to make it clear that the thoughts expressed herein are MINE and do not necessarily represent the opinions or positions of Sarvodaya and/or its leadership.]

Howdy –

In a recent article, the fair and objective “International Crisis Group” (ICG) laid out the problem of the continuing war in Sri Lanka and its devastating consequences for civilians trapped by both sides in the fighting. (Please review this article by Lakhdar Brahimi at: http://www.crisisgroup.org/home/index.cfm?id=6013&l=1. For a recent “Conflict Risk Alert” on the Sri Lanka humanitarian crisis by ICG, click here: http://www.crisisgroup.org/home/index.cfm?id=5974&l=1.)

However, calling on the parties that have been so committed to violence to end their mutually destructive campaigns is a plea that will fall upon deaf ears. It will not be heard.

Both the Government and the Tamil Tigers have repeatedly demonstrated a willingness to injure or kill civilians in order to achieve short-sighted aims. I see no evidence that this will change. The over 70,000 war dead in Sri Lanka were not killed by accident – they were killed by INTENTION. That intention to commit acts of violence, on both sides, continues.

BLOOD-LUST – AMERICA AND SRI LANKA

The Southern part of Sri Lanka is currently gripped by blood-lust. The drums of war drown out all reason. This is similar to what gripped America at the start of the Iraq War. And, like the Americans, once the blood-lust wears off and the Sinhalese people see the true cost of this war, they will question whether what was gained was worth our young men and women, our treasury and our souls.

The war in Iraq bankrupted America. It is the leading cause of our catastrophic economic free-fall to the bottom. We are seeing a tidal wave of soldiers returning from Iraq with broken bodies, broken spirits and broken souls. Drug abuse, suicide, broken families, post-traumatic stress — we are paying the price for our arrogance. This is the price of yielding to the blood-lust. After the orgy comes the hangover.

The war in Sri Lanka is bankrupting this country, financially and spiritually.

The blood-lust of the South is mirrored by maniacal martyrdom in the North. Sitting on ever-shrinking territory in the North, the Tamil Tigers (LTTE) appear gripped with a fanatical fatalism – a willingness to not only martyr themselves, but also sacrifice up to 150,000 of their fellow Tamils. Under the guise of “protection”, they imprison these trapped innocents, turning them into unwilling pawns, negotiating points and human shields.

THE PROBLEM OF POWER

Unfortunately, this situation is not unique. The deplorable situation for civilians here in the Sri Lanka War Zone is played out all around the world. On every continent, governments have shown themselves to be at odds with the people they allegedly govern. People like Mugabe in Zimbabwe, Al-Bashir in the Sudan or Kim Jong-il in North Korea are but three examples among many, examples of leaders willing to sacrifice their own citizens as pawns in a mad chess game. Increasingly, government is the problem, not the solution.

THE PARADOX OF “AID”

In this context, international helping agencies often become the enablers of government violence, greed and waste. Here in Sri Lanka, the government attempts to borrow over a billion dollars from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), after spending over a billion dollars on war and violence.

For their part, the LTTE has collected hundreds of millions of dollars from the worldwide Tamil diaspora. Instead of investing these funds for the uplift of the Tamil people, they invested in ever-increasing war and violence.

Both government and insurgent share the same attitude:

“We’ll buy what we want (war, violence, corruption), and beg for what we need (food, water, shelter and education for our citizens).”

The reason I call this a “paradox” is this: what does a compassionate person do, when faced with human need? Yes, governments in Zimbabwe, Sudan, Sri Lanka and elsewhere OUGHT to feed their people, but DON’T. It falls upon strangers to do so. And, these same compassionate groups become targets of criticism and violence when they point out that they are doing what the governments will not. (The Sri Lankan Defense Minister recently lashed out at international aid groups. For his comments, click here: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7961088.stm.)

THIS MUST CHANGE.

But how? How do you change a government (or an insurgency) that has no intention to change? How do you change more than the personalities – how do you change the SYSTEM of governance itself?

In the past, the answer to this question was simple: get guns and wage a violent revolution, a struggle for “liberation”. History teaches that the violent insurgents become the next violent government, willing to oppress its own citizens.

Something that I state often in my conflict resolution classes: “Whatever tool you are willing to use against your “enemy” is the same tool you will eventually use against your “friend”.”

If asking government to change doesn’t work, and violence is out of the question (for spiritual, moral and practical reasons), what do we do?

CRAFTING A WORLDWIDE SOLUTION – BUILDING THE RELATIONAL SOCIETY

The basic problem is that our “leaders” act as though they are not in RELATIONSHIP with their citizens. They act out of EXCLUSIVITY.

We can ask them to change. (The success rate on that is not high.) Or, WE CAN CHANGE OURSELVES.

Right now, people around the world are creating a new, alternative governing and economic structures. Rather than relying on our past “-isms” (either “capitalism” or “communism”), people are waking up to the need to create NEW, human scale institutions, grounded in universal principles of love, compassion, sharing, humility and inclusivity. These new forms are not threats to the existing forms of governance – they are supplements.

Around the world, people are looking for ways to deepen democracy by including previously excluded voices (including ethnic and religious minorities, as well as socially/culturally unpopular groups). People are learning that exclusion and domination of others is the recipe for violent reaction. People are learning that, by coming together, we can harness the power most overlooked by traditional governments – the power of the human spirit.

Around the world, people are building new institutions of economic relationship. We are learning that practicing a “relational economics” yields results that are not only economically fair but also spiritually satisfying. People are learning that there is more to life than money.

My job, here in Sri Lanka and elsewhere, is to observe, strengthen and catalyze these transformations.

We humans are awakening to some fundamental realities:

  • Our “Motherland” is the entire Earth, not one little tiny corner of it.
  • Our “Family” is the entire human species, and all other species, combined. There are no “Others”.
  • Our “task” is to carry out the teachings of our wisdom teachers (including Jesus and the Buddha), to NOT CAUSE HARM TO ANY SENTIENT BEING, ESPECIALLY HUMAN BEINGS. Our wisdom teachers have told us that there are ALWAYS alternatives to violence. But, it is hard to hear this when the blood-lust is ringing in our collective ears.

The Commonway approach focuses on the long term. In the current context, we are reduced to asking the parties not to do what’s right, but to do the least amount of harm as they follow their own selfish interests.

Twenty years ago, we watched the collapse of Communism as a political and economic entity. Now, we watch the collapse of Capitalism. I firmly believe that the Commonway approach represents the next evolutionary step in human governance and represents a deepening of democracy and the creation of a relational form of economics.

LOST HORIZON

In closing, I quote “Father Bero”, the mythical “high lama” from the 1930’s classic movie “Lost Horizon”. (If you haven’t seen the restored version of this film, it’s time to update your Netflix cue!) I quoted this text in a message from Sri Lanka two or three years ago – it’s still relevant.

“What madness there is, what blindness, what unintelligent leadership! A scurrying mass of bewildered humanity, crashing headlong against each other, propelled by an orgy of greed and brutality.

A time must come when this orgy will spend itself, when brutality and the lust for power will perish by its own sword.

When that day comes, the world must look for a new life, a way of life based on one simple rule: be kind.

When the strong have devoured each other, the Christian ethic may at last be fulfilled, and the meek shall inherit the earth.”

(Father Bero, the High Lama in “Lost Horizon”.)

[Reminder: the “Christian” ethic is also the “Buddhist” ethic, the “Muslim” ethic…]

THE NEED FOR MORAL LEADERSHIP

Just as America is emerging from its orgy of violence in Iraq, finding itself depleted and soul-scarred, Sri Lanka one day will do so.

Americans turned to Barack Obama as a leader who was not tainted by the blood-lust, who had the courage to speak out, even when it was not popular to do so. Similarly, Sri Lankans will be searching for such leadership, once the blood-lust fades.

Once people start seeing clearly again, I believe that the people themselves, Sinhalese, Tamil and Muslim together, will create a Society of the Spirit, for a world that works for all.

Peace,

Dr. Sharif Abdullah

Executive Director

Commonway Institute

PS: What’s the “Dr.” all about? No, I haven’t been taking courses from a “university” I found on a matchbook cover. I am resolving a conundrum that has been with me throughout my international travels.

In America, recipients of the juris doctor degree are generally referred to as “attorney”, not “doctor”. However, since I no longer practice law, referring to me as “attorney” is misleading.

In other parts of the world, a person with a doctorate (which I have) who teaches at the graduate level at a university (which I do) is referred to as “doctor”. And, I have it on the highest authority (Wikipedia!) that even in the US, holders of the “terminal” degree of juris doctor can and do refer to themselves as “doctor” when they are teaching.

Here in Sri Lanka, as in most of the world, referring to someone by their professional title is both respectful and clarifying. (It takes a lot of explaining as to why I have a doctorate and I teach, but I don’t refer to myself as “Dr. Sharif”.)

So, I’m doing this for clarity, not for ego. Those of you who know me personally can still refer to me as… Your Highness. (Don’t forget to genuflect…)

If you want to check out the Wikipedia article on the subject, click here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juris_Doctor.

PPS: As usual, please feel free to re-post this as you see appropriate.

Tags: , , , , , ,
Posted in General, Sri Lanka | 1 Comment »

Notes from the Field: Sri Lanka – December, 2009

Thursday, January 15th, 2009

Howdy—

I’ve been working on this update for weeks! Every time I think I get it finished, the news changes! Here is my most thorough update, as of 15 January 2009.

Situation Update:

The current situation is (unfortunately, as usual) a mess. For those who may not remember, a brief recap:

• The war formally started in 1983. (However, the seeds of war were sown by centuries of colonialism, coupled by independence without a clear, inclusive idea of what it meant to be “Sri Lankan”.)
• After nearly two decades of fighting, in early 2002, the Government of Sri Lanka (GOSL) and the Tamil Tigers (LTTE) signed a cease-fire agreement, opened borders and otherwise began to act like they were human beings.
• The ceasefire held (with minor violations) until around 2004, when the Eastern LTTE commander, Colonel Karuna, broke away from the main LTTE group to start his own group. (They have since joined the government as a political party – complete with their guns and still recruiting child soldiers.)
• The situation further deteriorated. 2006 saw widespread fighting, with both sides ignoring the ceasefire agreement, until it became essentially meaningless.
• In the last Presidential election, the LTTE threw the election to hard-liner Mahindha Rajapakse (over Ranil Wickramasinghe, the one who brokered and signed the ceasefire agreement). The LTTE did this by preventing large numbers of Tamils from going to the polls, often at gunpoint.
• Rajapakse returns the favor by launching an all-out war against the Tigers. In January of this year, GOSL formally broke the ceasefire agreement and announced that they were going to wipe out LTTE “once and for all”. Government sources stated that the flag of Sri Lanka would fly over the Tiger’s capital city of Killinnochchi before the end of the year.

It’s been 12 months. And, the GOSL flag flies over Killinnochchi, which has been reduced to a rubble-filled ghost town. And, just yesterday, I saw in the BBC that government troops have seized the entire Jaffna peninsula.

While this has been going on, LTTE has been filling up body bags with government soldiers. The Tigers have used the monsoon rains, their knowledge of the terrain, and the psychology of time all to their advantage. Right now, their backs are against the wall, their former territories shrunken to one coastal district, with over a quarter-million civilians living in dire conditions.

Some Predictions

What happens next? My advice to Sarvodaya’s leadership (based on what I’ve been hearing from the field) is that one of two things will happen:

1. GOSL will achieve its military aim: LTTE will be eliminated as a fighting force. GOSL will achieve total control over the North through military means and thus end the war. My prediction of this scenario occurring: 3% possibility. (I would say “zero”, but I have to leave room for miracles.) I base this on simple history: no government, no matter how well funded or motivated, has been able to militarily defeat an entrenched insurgency. Period. There is no likelihood that the Sri Lankan government can do what the US government (Vietnam, Afghanistan and Iraq – we’re slow learners) and the Israeli government (West Bank, Lebanon, now Gaza) could NOT do is simply impossible.
2. GOSL will not defeat the LTTE through military means. Even as GOSL takes Killinnochchi, the war will continue on, as a guerilla action, into the indefinite future. The war will drag on, perhaps shifting from a conventional war to a more classic guerilla war. Prediction: 100% possibility.

(Remember: These are SHARIF’S PREDICTIONS, and should not be seen as Sarvodaya’s predictions or policies):

Because of their promise to “end” the war, the government has been able to whip up support in the South for a military solution to the war. They have promised that it would be quick, decisive and effective. There has been tremendous support among the Sinhalese people (and even some support among the Tamils) to “get this over”. (And, the “International Community” – the ones who sell the guns – has turned a blind eye to the entire matter.)

Part of that support came from controlling how the government shaped the war media:
• Banning journalists – foreign and domestic – from visiting the war front,
• Censoring the “Tamilnet” website (now available in Sri Lanka only through proxy sites) and
• Supporting (directly or indirectly) a “war” on journalists, who have been beaten, kidnapped and killed in recent times.

The most recent casualty in that “war” on journalists was Lasantha Wickramatunga, editor of “The Sunday Leader”. In a chilling post mortem editorial, Mr. Wickramatunga names his murderer — the government Sri Lanka. (I believe his editorial “And Then They Came for Me” is a MUST READ. Please click on this link to go to the Sunday Leader article: click here.)

* * *

The Rajapakse government, and its military offensive, has been popular in the South. The New Year’s Day announcement of the fall of Killinnochchi was greeted with firecrackers and cheering in the capital city, Colombo.

I think the cheering and the firecrackers are premature.

A decade ago, I was in Sri Lanka when the Tigers routed the government soldiers from their fort at Elephants Pass, then raced up the Jaffna Peninsula, almost taking (re-taking) the city of Jaffna from the government.

My feelings upon hearing that the Government seized Elephants Pass are the same as when I heard that the Tigers seized it 10 years ago.

Immense sadness.

Because… once the adrenalin and euphoria of violence dies down, once the military parades are concluded and firecrackers put away, we will see what we have always seen – violence accomplishes NOTHING but more violence.

The arrogance of violence. You can hear it in the triumphant voice of President Rajapakse, the way you could hear it in the voice of (soon to be former) President Bush, after his famous jet-fighter landing on the aircraft carrier, getting out and announcing “Mission Accomplished” in Iraq. Violence not only makes one arrogant, it makes one blind to the realities on the ground.

The realities are these:

• Violence will drag on as a guerilla war.
• The financial cost of the continuing war will destroy the Sri Lankan economy.
• The LTTE (or another group like them) will come back.
• Killinnochchi and Elephants Pass will switch hands again. And again.

As the war drags on and the economy worsens, the Sinhalese majority could “turn” against the war as dramatically as the American populace turned against the Iraqi war, when that conflict turned out to be not quick, decisive or effective.

Just like the war in Iraq has bankrupted America, the ongoing war in Sri Lanka threatens to bankrupt that society, for all ethnic and religious groups.

Moral Bankruptcy
Even more important than financial bankruptcy is moral and spiritual bankruptcy. Sri Lanka is as nominally “Buddhist” as America is “Christian”: revere the founder, but ignore his teachings. Both the Buddha and Jesus made nonviolence a central tenet of their teachings. And, both “Buddhists” and “Christians” conveniently ignore that, as they rush headlong into the downward spiral of ever-greater violence.

There is a price to pay from continued violence. The price is financial: the dollars that go to pay for guns, bullets and bombs are not available for schools, hospitals and jobs. Around the world, governments need food handouts from the UN because they waste their money on the armaments of war.

But, there is another, far greater price. There is a psychic, spiritual wound in the heart of Sri Lankan society. Regardless of all the rationales and fancy foot-work from the priests (Buddhists over there; Christians over here), deep down inside, the soldiers know that what they are doing is WRONG. The Buddha said that one should not cause harm to “any sentient being”. (Last time I checked, “humans” were “sentient beings”.) Jesus was even more explicit: “Love your enemies”. (In America, many “Christians” translate that to “Kill and torture your enemies”.)

Ignoring the words of these master-teachers hurts at the soul level, as deeply as a bullet. Just because the person encouraging you to ignore the Buddha or ignore Jesus calls himself a priest and is wearing orange robes or has a cross around his neck… the truth is the truth.

What is the evidence of this “soul pain”? Though Sri Lanka professes to be a “Buddhist” country:

• Sri Lanka has one of the highest suicide rates in the world.
• Sri Lanka has one of the highest alcoholism rates in the world.
• Sri Lanka has one of the highest rates of civil violence in the world.

Bowing to the orange-robed monks is an interesting outward display of piety. But, many of those monks see violence all around in their society, yet do nothing to prevent it (or worse, encourage and glory in it). Jesus said, “The meek shall inherit the Earth”. But, until we do, we’ve got to put up with the gleeful arrogance of the “righteously” violent.

Sarvodaya’s Response
Under either of the above scenarios, Sarvodaya has a role to play – for the unfortunate civilians caught up in the conflict, and for the citizens (Sinhalese, Tamil, Muslim and Christian) who wrongly believe that anything can be resolved through violent means.

Sarvodaya’s First Response: Humanitarian Aid
Sarvodaya’s humanitarian role is already in gear. Sarvodaya is one of the few organizations able to get relief trucks through the fighting to the beleaguered refugees in the North. Estimates of refugees range from a low of 100,000 to as high as 300,000 people, ill-fed and sleeping outside during the rainiest part of the Sri Lankan year. Needless to say, this is a humanitarian catastrophe of epic proportions. (The Sri Lankan government is in total denial around this. Same as MOST governments that cause harm – including my own.)

Sarvodaya’s Next Response: The Transformation of Society
Beyond addressing the humanitarian crisis, Sarvodaya continues to work toward the ultimate resolution of this type of conflict: the transformation of the system and structure of “government” itself. To move from “government by the elites” (the most common form of government in the world) to “government by my village”. Regular people, at the village level, can work out their own problems, if given half a chance. By establishing “grama swaraj” (independent village “republics”), the interest and ability to engage in violent conflicts diminishes.

A Common Vision
The ultimate key to the success of “grama swaraj” lies in Sarvodaya’s ability to help the people articulate a common set of visions, values and principles. Sri Lanka has never had a unifying set of principles that defines and unites all Sri Lankans, over and beyond divisions of race, ethnicity, religion, class and caste. Until now. Through a Sarvodaya-facilitated process, the “Vision Declaration” has been developed and spread to tens of thousands of people, in all walks of life, in thousands of communities, all over the island. And, it has met with near-unanimous approval at the village level, serving as a foundational political statement of the basic problem and a vision for a common solution. (To read the English version of the “Vision Declaration”, click here.)

Do-It-Yourself Bailout: How Sarvodaya Is Responding to the Financial Crisis
It is weird that there is little impact in Sri Lanka of the US and global meltdown. YET. I think it’s like the tsunami many years ago – the earthquake happened hours before the wave actually struck the coast. People are very aware that the meltdown is happening, but it seems to be happening on another planet. Hard to create a sense of urgency. The idea that America may be economically melting down is just – inconceivable.

In Sri Lanka, inflation rates are high, people are feeling pinched… but that was happening before the US meltdown.

Sarvodaya intends to put in place a multi-faceted approach to the pending crisis. But: more on that in a subsequent entry!

Peace,

Sharif

Tags: , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
Posted in General, Sri Lanka | No Comments »